Pto problems. Even the service guys don't know why it does that. The pump, pumps oil to a flow divider, which contains the valve that your PTO lever cable is hooked to. You have a Kubota Bx PTO problems are common. Sunroofs are a popular feature in many vehicles, providing an open-air experience and allowing natural The problem with iron bridges was that the material was not as reliable as carbon steel, so it was replaced starting in the late 1800s and was completely unavailable for bridge bui If you own a forno, you know how important it is to keep your oven running smoothly. 2):. When you experience that the PTO is slipping, there are mainly two causes, either wrong spring load force, or worn brake bands (or too much load). The PTO clutch is responsible for engaging the blades and ensuring Aug 1, 2023 · New here, great site. of your tractors PTO will make diagnosing your problem, a snap. May 31, 2010 · Jun 1, 2010 / PTO Problems #7 . May 11, 2023 · John Deere tractors are prone to PTO problems, such as vibration, which can be a sign of an improperly installed or damaged PTO shaft, clutch, or drive belt. Move the PTO lever (A) to Position (D) - Rear PTO only. From what I have read in the book it is an independent PTO. Mine was a 1941 model which has to two dog ears that slide into the transmission counter shaft. of pressure at 3-point lift arms test May 2, 2023 · NOTE: If the PTO/RIO switch is in the engaged/on position, the machine does not start. The location of the safety switches is clearly indicated in the handbook. Before determining whether to repair or replace a bad PTO clutch, it’s necessary to be familiar with these symptoms. e. I first thought it was the little "Judas" pin in activating Jul 23, 2023 · Any problems with the clutch pack or shaft seals will show as a slow engage -- or not at all Later models did not use the little pump, instead used the steering return oil to power the FR clutch Your pto is supplied by the steering return, thru a pressure reducing valve May 2, 2015 · The PTO is engaged by a spring loaded brake band on a planetary gear just behind the take-off point. You can leave it off if you do the things mentioned above. mower conditioner). Borrowed a 7ft bush hog and it runs same speed if you put the handle forward or back. However, before you panic and start searching for “LG dishwasher repair near me,” there are some c Globalization poses many problems, including increased economic gains for already powerful countries at the expense of developing countries, a more homogeneous global culture overa The three most common problems with Maytag washers are a washing machine that does not start, a unit that does not spin and the washer not draining water. Joined Sep 6, 2003 Messages 18,952 Location JACKSONVILLE, FL Tractor Power-Trac 1445, KUBOTA B-9200HST. However, like any other piece of machinery, lawn mowers can e MTD lawn mowers are known for their reliability and performance, but like any other machine, they may encounter problems from time to time. Remove the harness connector to the module and jumper the yellow wire to the blue wire on the tractor side of the harness. Then re-tighten the locknut. Hello DARINT. Kodiak45 Gold Member. I had a B2910 that I put over 3000 hours on it and using no different than the L2800 and it never was down with PTO problems. Vibration is a common symptom of John Deere tractor PTO problems and should be addressed immediately. I have just now adjusted the PTO clutch and it's working properly. That is, to much feedback! Cannot move the PTO select level between rear, mid or both. Dealer dropped line and found detent ball in drain pan. 3. Now it won't turn on at all. The specific problems wit Some common problems with Fluidmaster toilets include the toilet fill valve running nonstop. One o KitchenAid dishwashers are known for their reliability and efficiency in cleaning dishes. Feb 19, 2024 · Cub Cadet RZT 50 PTO clutch problems can be resolved through troubleshooting and possible replacement of faulty parts. Oct 19, 2023 · How To Diagnose Pto Problems In Allison Transmissions. 9K subscribers. When I first start the tractor with the hay baler hooked up and the tailgate raised, the pto will turn slowly. However, research problem statements do not offer solutions and do not indi In today’s fast-paced world, we often find ourselves in need of quick and accurate solutions to various math problems. It will take a split to replace the tubes or repair the PTO clutch. Hydraulic-powered equipment, such as mowers or tillers, relies on the Power Take-Off (PTO) to transmit power from the tractor to the attached implements. I tried reshaping, welding, tieing, etc. . May 17, 2021 · In 2021 the gearbox driving the PTO and other stuff ate the gears and was replaced with a "junkyard" unit by our local Kubota dealer. Testing the PTO Switch: Verify if the PTO switch is functioning correctly. Very recently the mower deck PTO hasn't wanted to engage when I pull the button. The problem is that the PTO spins all the time, and when engaged, it does not provide sufficient power to drive machinery (i. Keeping track of accrued paid time off (PTO), calculating balances, an In the world of commercial landscaping and forestry, having the right equipment is essential for efficiency and productivity. Whether you’re a student struggling with complex equations or One common problem with Crizal lenses is that smudges and fingerprints may show up more clearly on them than on other types of lenses; because of this, wearers may have to clean th Common Samsung dryer problems include failure to start, failure to turn at all, stopping during a drying cycle and the dryer becoming too hot. I am getting 2350 lbs. While mowing the other day the PTO kicked out now it won't fully engage. Apr 18, 2023 · By following these troubleshooting tips, tractor operators can resolve common PTO problems and ensure the safe and efficient operation of their equipment. Possible pto problem could be failed pto control valve,oil supply tube or pto clutch seals leaking Feb 11, 2013 · Jun 18, 2024 / Dk40 pto problems. The most frequent issues involve the PTO shaft not engaging properly, the blade not cutting correctly or the tractor stalling when attempting to engage the PTO. I see many Aug 24, 2007 · Before addressing a PTO maintenance problem, make sure the correct unit is being used for the job. C. Here are some common symptoms of PTO clutch problems: Checking the Air Gap: Ensure the proper air gap between the clutch and the rotor. However, like any other mach KitchenAid mixers are a popular choice among home cooks and professional chefs alike. Sometimes I had to lightly press the reverse pedal to get it to engage. I got it out in spring went to hook it to round baler to service it before season started and no Pto. Jun 21, 2020 · Jun 24, 2020 / PTO Problems (Help) #6 . If you have a mid-PTO there is another short lever near the clutch pedal which is the mechanical disconnect for the mid-PTO. duane said: Apr 16, 2023 · Resolving Massey Ferguson PTO Problems with Confidence. Check the engine’s voltage. An alternator is a fairly simple piece of equipment with just a f Some characteristics of a research problem statement include conciseness, specificity and measurability. started cutting hay and after a few acres, the cutter would keep bogging down. David-Davies Silver Member. What Causes the Mar 19, 2024 · Hi. Additionally, the PTO select seems jammed. After a few tries it would engage and I'd continue mowing. Nov 25, 2022 · 28. ” For example, the product of 2 and 3 is 6. When I turn the PTO on, the 3-point lift arms stops working. Users can usually diagnose and repair these pr As a developer, encountering code problems is an inevitable part of the job. Used the pto to do some topping for the first time in some years and realised the pto was always on in "ground" mode and won t switch into neutral or "engine", i. Joined Apr 8, 2012 Messages 17 Location GALLION, AL Tractor NEW HOLLAND Posted by Grant on July 02, 2003 at 16:17:51 from (216. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced programmer, there will always be moments when you find you From an academic perspective, plagiarism is a major problem because it involves students attempting to earn credit by using the work of another person. This is the last time I will have this problem with this tractor. Hotmail, now known as Outlook. Re: MF 1085 PTO problems in reply to T. The failure of the ignition coil is also c When your LG dishwasher starts acting up, it can be frustrating and inconvenient. Sound problems can be frustrating, but they are often easy to fix. tarzali phil New member. Ensure that all components are secure and properly aligned. I am having problems with my 2290 Case pto engaging properly. 4. Kubota L3901 PTO Problems. The tractor's PTO shaft would not turn when the tractor was under load and made a winding noise in the rear end. TOROME426 New member. There are consumer complaints about PTO not activating the bottom deck. When it comes to heavy-duty tas The answer to a subtraction problem is called the difference. com, is one of the most popular email services used by millions of people worldwide. The blades continue to turn because of their weight. If you need help ask an expert: 877-776-4600 or 407-872-1901. 9. IT doesn't seem to want to fully engage at the start any longer. However, like any other online platform, users may experience log Common transmission problems include transmission fluid leaks, worn or damaged torque converters, solenoid damage and clutch problems. Exit seat for rear PTO operation without the operator on seat. D. The PTO lever is supposed to have 2 detents but it travels aft (disengage) farther than the "disengage" detent. Aug 13, 2011 · I'm having problems with my PTO. This time she purchased a gift card for a teacher and told the grade that had the most honor roll students that PTO would buy them ice cream. If these tests are OK, Next, I would suspect the PTO clutch has failed. Corruption Corruption is a decades-old problem in the Philippines. Key Takeaways for Diagnosing and Repairing Kubota PTO Problems Solutions Mahindra PTO Problems 1. Therefore I suggest to check hyd pressure on RH side of trans case. Simplicity Broadmoor PTO Problems. When the word “product” appears in a mathematical word problem, it is a Recliners are popular pieces of furniture that provide comfort and relaxation after a long day. If one of the PTO tubes is broken, I would have both replaced. Joined Feb 11, 2013 Messages 316 Location SC Tractor long 2460 - belarus 250 - JD 4. Additionally, aligning the PTO components and adjusting the engagement mechanism can help in resolving common PTO concerns and improving the overall functionality of the Jul 31, 2021 · Posted by Milk on July 31, 2021 at 16:09:46 from (199. JC-jetro Elite Member. Next, mount and remove the PTO. Thread starter cdziadek; Start date May 3, 2023; C. One of the most common issues wi If you own a GE dishwasher, you may encounter some common problems that can disrupt its performance. Jun 20, 2018 · But the problem still exist the pto seams to pop out of gear while mowing heavier grass with my finish mower. 240): I replaced the pto clutch plates on my case 930 diesel because it wouldnt shut off. Oh and this is just for the rear pto not the mid. Wood chippers are essential tools for homeowners and professionals alike, allowing for efficient disposal of branches, leaves, and other yard waste. Other common problems include the dry The most common problems with the Kia Sorento include issues with the headlamps and the failure of the air conditioner compressor clutch. Noise is also a common complaint among owners of Maytag dryers. I too had no problems with pto up untill I parked tractor over winter. May 14, 2023 · Be aware of the potential implications of PTO problems. There is a range of common problems that operations personnel may experience with PTO clutches. While these issues can be frustrating, many of them can be resolved with simple KitchenAid dishwashers are known for their quality and reliability, but like any other appliance, they can experience problems from time to time. Managing employee paid time off (PTO) can be a complex and time-consuming task for employers. However, like any other appliance, forno parts can experience problems from time to time. Diagnosing PTO problems at Allison Transmissions requires a systematic approach to identify the root cause. John Deere 2032R PTO Problems. Jul 17, 2023 · An air-operated PTO poorly mounted or incorrectly installed on a machine can cause engagement problems. Plagiarism also steals from According to the Centers for Family Change, common family problems include communication breakdowns, lack of discipline, lack of respect, parenting concerns and adjustment to divor Complex problems are questions or issues that cannot be answered through simple logical procedures. I shimmed the shifter rod behind the PTO stub shaft and had real good luck with it Jun 20, 2022 · There is tube from the PTO valve between the shifters to the PTO clutch and to the PTO brake. They first thought it was a wire that needed reconnecting. Replacing the clutch, checking the engine speed, inspecting the belts and pulleys, and cleaning the PTO system regularly are key steps to prevent and fix any potential issues. The Cub Cadet RZT 50 is a popular and powerful zero-turn mower, but like any mechanical device, it can encounter problems, particularly with its PTO clutch. However, like any other outdoor equipment, patio umbrellas can encounter problems Coleman furnaces are known for their reliability and durability. It just moves freely for and aft with no feedback. Simplicity Broadmoor PTO problems include damaged switches and faulty clutches. I am new to this forum and I need help. 19. In this video I describe the most common issues I see that cause the PTO clutch failure and blades not to come on. May 3, 2023 #1 Aug 30, 2022 · The lever between the shift levers operates the control valve for the hydraulic pack that drives the PTO. Apr 4, 2003 · Parts are ordered, I will keep you all posted. Joined Mar 17, 2009 Messages 150 Location Port Alberni BC Tractor 1972 IH 454. Low fluid levels or an improper transmission Appliances play a crucial role in our daily lives, making household chores more efficient and convenient. As time goes on (up tp 3 hours), the pto will begin to turn a little faster. Hydraulic Repair: For hydraulic problems, fix leaks, replace damaged components, and ensure the hydraulic fluid is at the correct level. Jul 12, 2023 · Kubota PTO problems can be frustrating, but with some expert advice and patience, they can be quickly identified and resolved. Mar 30, 2013 · We need more info. Nov 27, 2019 · Well your problem sounded just like one I had on a 1066. The value being subtracted is called the subtrahend, and the value from which the subtrahend is being subtracted is ca The basic economic problem is scarcity, which is the idea that human beings want more things than are available to them. com account? You’re not alone. Jun 4, 2024 · Having problems with your Bad Boy mower’s PTO clutch? Don’t worry, troubleshooting the issue is easier than you think. Nov 26, 2020 · I think Ford model 5000 is offered with only hyd operated pto clutch. The pto was NOT engaged. Massey Ferguson PTO problems can be complex and difficult to diagnose and solve. This Chelsea PTO troubleshooting guide brought to you by Pro Gear and Transmission courtesy of Chelsea Parker Hannifin. Thus, defects with the PTO may affect the smooth operation of the implements. However, PTO problems, such as engagement issues, excessive vibration, or loss of power, can hinder the proper operation of these implements. Start the engine. Thread Starter #10 . Then, check the PTO switch and do a continuity test of your Cub Cadet PTO switch. Joined Jun 29, 2009 Messages 767 Location CT Tractor New Holland TC40D, Lull 400, IR SP-48 Roller. By understanding the common causes of Massey Ferguson PTO issues and taking the necessary steps to identify and address the underlying issue, you can resolve Massey Ferguson PTO problems with confidence. , when running along in gear the pto turns and works the implement Feb 5, 2024 · For effective resolution of PTO problems, it is important to inspect the PTO shaft, clutch, and gearbox for wear and tear, and to ensure proper lubrication of the components. May 21, 2020 · If your problem is that the PTO shaft turns when disengaged, but you can stop it with your hand, some late model 5000's have an external PTO brake adjustment on the left side of the center housing (see bottom of attached picture). OP . Kubota Tractor PTO Problems Tip: This problem occurs when a bush hog, for instance, is shut off when the power is cut from the PTO. I'm looking hard at a B3030, or if I can find one a good used B2910. Jul 6, 2008 · If the PTO now works, then problem was the seat switch. Got a 1972 MF135 with diesel engine. Kubota L3901 PTO problems arise when the shaft turns when not engaged, the shaft refuses to turn even when engaged, and the system ultimately declines engagement. If the issue persists or is more complex, seek professional assistance or refer to the manufacturer’s manual for specific troubleshooting procedures. The most likely explanation is that a safety switch is stopping it from working. Fixing PTO Engagement Issues. GE dryers are known for their durability and performance, but like any other appliance, Having a well-maintained and properly functioning lawn mower is essential for keeping your yard looking neat and tidy. Oct 14, 2015 · Lx188 PTO problem Jump to Latest 11K views 23 replies 9 participants last post by themoose Apr 12, 2016 Apr 22, 2019 · Type 1 PTO clutches feature side-load capacities up to 4 times greater than Type 2 PTOs. Multipower slipped in and out of high muti power on the way to the hay field about 4 miles away. The economic problem, also known as the central economic pr The solution to a multiplication problem is called the “product. Many users encounter login issues with their AOL email accounts. The PTO will not disengage. May 3, 2023 · Case 970 PTO problems. However, like any mechanical part, bearings can experience problem Are you having trouble with your Fitbit? Whether it’s not syncing, not tracking your steps, or just not working properly, we’ve got you covered. trans. Aug 27, 2014 · The original subject was "Re: pto problems on a Case 2290". This guide will walk you through th The common problems with Manitowoc Ice machines are failing to make ice and failing to work altogether. DLJester said: JC First, gather all the required tools and materials. It is a mechanical problem that many people have had on different models of lawn tractors. didn't solve the issue. Nov 22, 2023 · To tackle the problem of no PTO, I wired the PTO solenoid directly to the battery and everything worked fine (i. May 29, 2024 · The PTO engage lever has to reschedule response. J_J Super Star Member. cdziadek New User. In this article, we will explore some quick fixe Bearings are essential components in many machines and equipment, enabling smooth rotation and reducing friction. However, like any other ap Some common problems with Mannington Adura luxury flooring are bubbling, swelling, peeling, scratches and puckering. Common Operational PTO Clutch Problems and Solutions. However, its brake is still engaged. The mid seems to run flawlessly. K. They are known for their durability and versatility in the kitchen. plus a simple foot clutch operated one when the foot clutch is engaged on the basic 4spd. Is this tractor Power shift or not, and do you notice any other problems such as power steering or 3-point response being slow? Feb 6, 2024 · 5) Power Take-Off (PTO) Problems. Here are the steps to follow: Inspect the PTO system for any visible damage or loose connections. Check and align PTO shafts, adjust or replace linkage, and ensure all connections are secure; Replace worn PTO components, check transmission fluid level, and ensure transmission is engaging properly; Check linkage connections, replace springs, and repair or replace damaged components The PTO is operated by a clutch pack. Nov 29, 2009 · Sep 23, 2019 / TC40D PTO problem #5 . Other problems Are you experiencing issues with your sunroof? Don’t worry, you’re not alone. I have a 1981 Ford 6600, about 2500 hours on it, in pristine condition - I bought it last year, and the PTO does not work properly, although the guy that I bought it from told me that in advance. PTO Problems. 174. The brake plate tab and PTO clutch holder suffer wear. Loosen the locknut and tighten the screw just a little bit till the shaft rotation stops. The children love it, normally they receive certificates and candy for their effort. It has a new Hydraulic filter, and new oil. However, like any other piece of furniture, recliners can encounter problems over ti Common Ryobi problems include a trimmer that will not start, a trimmer head that does not spin and a trimmer line that will not feed. Jun 30, 2017 · I have had several post in the last couple months about the 5000 Diesel I purchased. 6. The Fix: Jan 25, 2005 · PTO Brake problems for serial numbers after G524944 to approximately G604974 New Holland Safety Recall Jun 3, 2005 / PTO problems (strange noise) #6 . It worked fine the first three months and then started blowing the fuse when I engaged the PTO. I then traced the wire that provides power to the PTO solenoid all the way under the dashboard where it terminates at the Electronic Control Unite (ECU) that controls the safety switches. IIRC pressure should be in the 165-175 psi range. Improperly-speced PTOs are trouble waiting to happen; they can cause major damage and pose immediate safety threats. They generally require abstract reasoning to be applied through multiple frames Are you facing difficulties logging into your AOLMail. Continue reading this following article to learn how to troubleshoot a cub cadet PTO will not engage. The mechanical disconnect for the rear PTO shaft is on the left side, just ahead of the differential lock. Re: Farmall M PTO problems. Jun 11, 2019 · My tractor has 995hrs (2010) and has sheered the pto clutch bolt twice. 451K views 1 year ago 9 products. Before you end up with some serious issues with your lawn mower while mowing, you should take care of the PTO clutch. in Tx, 08-21-2005 21:10:29 My multipower and pto started slipping about a year ago. However, like any other mechanical device, A&E appliances can develop prob The most commonly reported problems with the Volvo XC60 are equipment problems, ranging from problems with the vehicle’s air-conditioning system to problems with the airbags and re Some of the most common problems with Maytag dryers include a failure to heat, failure to turn and failure to start. Jul 2, 2019 · Learn what is a power take off, how to select the right one for your needs, where are they used, and common operational PTO clutch problems and solutions. Read also: Electric PTO Clutch Troubleshooting Guide (3 Problems Solved!) Expert tips for maintaining Toro PTO Clutch To Avoid Problems. However, like any other appliance, they can experience problems from time to time. Other common problems include an excessive vibration of the PTO shaft and/or blades, a loud grinding noise during operation, or a lack of power from Jul 22, 2024 · On my x475 the past few times of mowing I would have to pull the pto lever a few times to get the pto to actually turn on. 103. com The most common symptoms of bad PTO clutch are unusual noises, delayed engagement, loss of power, excessive heat after engaging the PTO, fluid leaks, high engine revs, and failure to disengage. However, like any other appliance, they can sometimes encounter problems that hinder their When it comes to household appliances, a reliable dryer is a must-have for many homeowners. . Today it was really a problem and I'm thankful I completed mowing the yard. The JD 2032R’s Power Take-Off (PTO) powers the attached implements at the front, mid, or rear. I have a 2008 Massey Ferguson 2625 four wheel drive tractor with independent PTO. Mar 16, 2014 · $1500 for that tractor, even with the pto and lift issues you describe is more than a bargain. The Manitowoc control board sometimes develops problems that affect the work. Apr 8, 2012 · Jun 3, 2014 / A HARD PTO PROBLEM TO SOLVE. The six steps of problem solving involve problem definition, problem analysis, developing possible solutions, selecting a solution, implementing the solution and evaluating the out Having a patio umbrella is a great way to enjoy the outdoors while staying protected from the sun. I ran into another problem. 5. If you own an MTD lawn mower and are fac Are you experiencing sound issues with your iPhone? Don’t panic. You or the contracted technicians must strictly adhere to the manual of the particular air-operated PTO installed to ensure you connect plugs to the correct ports. But I think that unless you are using it to run a baler or snow blower, lack of live pto isn't a big deal. There were two variations of the independent PTOs and a mechanical one with a separate hand clutch to stop the tranny, allowing constant power to the PTO. 7. One such piece of equipment that is often used is a PT When dealing with organizational problems, managers should first determine what the core problem is and how strong of an effect it has on the workplace environment. R. Oct 23, 2016 · I have had it in the shop now three times with PTO issues. Larry has a point about no live pto. My problem is that she did not talk to me neither did the PTO meet to vote on the matter. in reply to Jed, 07-01-2004 05:31:16 I had the same problem with my M. Jul 26, 2012 · Hello all, I had a problem with the PTO on my 3010 tractor a few weeks ago when I was cutting hay. T. The power takeoff (PTO) of your lawn mower can be malfunctioning for a number of reasons. Push PTO/RIO switch forward to the engaged/on position. 134. One of the most common reasons Corruption, poverty and human rights issues are three of the major social issues facing the Philippines in 2017. Replaced the brake switch on left side frame Jan 24, 2012 · Jan 29, 2012 / case 885 pto problem. Apr 26, 2024 · Key Takeaways for Troubleshooting Mahindra Tractor PTO Problems. Consumer complaints about Adura are available at ComplaintsBoar Some common causes of alternator problems include wear and tear, a bad battery, a lost ground and a slipping belt. Replace the Clutch: If the clutch is worn or damaged, replacing it can resolve engagement issues. If the PTO still does not work, then remove the left side panel to access the time delay control module located just under the key switch. Calculating PTO accruals, tracking usage, and ensuring accurate payroll calculations c Managing employee time off can be a complex and time-consuming task for HR professionals and business owners. Another problem is the water failing to fill up the tank after flushing. I suggest you buy it Now and sort out the lift and pto problems later. Learn more about the differences and benefits of Type 1 and Type 2 PTO clutches today. I forgot to ask about the spring. See full list on lawncaregrandpa. It should be noted that when the PTO is off, its clutch is disengaged. In this article, we will discuss t Generac is a well-known brand when it comes to standby generators. Thread Starter #5 . In conclusion, New Holland PTO problems can be quickly identified and resolved with the help of experienced mechanics. Set engine speed to 1500 rpm or less. When the bolt breaks, the pto clutch falls out. I do not know if I need to replace the gears, replace the pto clutch, all of the above. When engaged oil travels from the flow divider to the clutch in the PTO housing. I last used it on a big batwing mower. The PTO shaft may turn when not engaged due to a faulty clutch pack, a defective brake disc, and a poor control valve adjustment. These generators are designed to provide reliable backup power in case of an outage. the PTO turned on and off). The 2 blue fuses are good I have replace the pto lever. It would turn barely. Joined Jul 16, 2006 Messages 4,053 Location Kansas Tractor Ford 1700, Kubota MX-4700. 8. IT keeps running even if you put a load on it. Lastly, if required, replace the PTO switch with a new one. A low battery charge strains the engine, leading to hard starts. 2K. Sn# and trans configuration, or better yet a pic. If below 12v, recharge it immediately to solve these Simplicity Broadmoor problems. Then they were certain it is the PTO switch (order new one from Korea replaced still not fixed). Joined Jan 24, 2012 Messages 5 Tractor Case IH 885 xl. Hi, I have a 1981 Ford 6600, about 2500 hours on it, in pristine condition - I bought it last year, and the PTO does not work properly, although the guy that I bought it from told me that in advance. dlctcg Platinum Member. Following the steps outlined above, you can ensure your Kubota PTO is running smoothly and reliably. robsrural Feb 7, 2008 / PTO Problems #9 .